Indian Veterinary Magazine (ISSN:3108-1398)

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health crisis, with veterinary misuse contributing significantly to its spread. Off‑label drug use, particularly in rural veterinary practice, is common due to limited access to licensed veterinary medicines, economic constraints, and farmer expectations. This short communication presents field observations from rural dairy and small ruminant farms in India, documenting patterns of off‑label antimicrobial use, associated risks, and implications for antimicrobial stewardship. Findings reveal frequent reliance on human antibiotics, empirical dosing without diagnostics, and poor adherence to withdrawal periods. These practices pose risks for food safety, animal welfare, and public health. Strengthening veterinary drug availability, farmer education, and stewardship programs is urgently required.